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Adab ((アラビア語:أدب)) in the context of behavior, refers to prescribed Islamic etiquette: "refinement, good manners, morals, decorum, decency, humaneness".〔Firmage, Edwin Brown and Weiss, Bernard G. and Welch, John W. ''Religion and Law''. 1990, page 202-3〕 While interpretation of the scope and particulars of Adab may vary among different cultures, common among these interpretations is regard for personal standing through the observation of certain codes of behavior.〔Ensel, Remco. ''Saints and Servants in Southern Morocco''. 1999, page 180〕 To exhibit Adab would be to show "proper discrimination of correct order, behavior, and taste."〔 Islam has rules of etiquette and an ethical code involving every aspect of life. Muslims refer to Adab as good manners, courtesy, respect, and appropriateness, covering acts such as entering or exiting a washroom, posture when sitting, and cleansing oneself. According to Sahih Bukhari, Muhammad refrained from bad language; neither a 'Fahish nor a Mutafahish. He used to say "The best amongst you are those who have the best manners and character." ==Customs and behaviour== Practitioners of Islam are generally taught to follow some specific customs in their daily lives. Most of these customs can be traced back to Abrahamic traditions in pre-Islamic Arabian society.〔Ghamidi (2001). ("Sources of Islam" ).〕 Due to Muhammad's sanction or tacit approval of such practices, these customs are considered to be Sunnah (practices of Muhammad as part of the religion) by the Ummah (Muslim nation). It includes customs like: * Saying "''Bismillah''" (in the name of God) before eating and drinking.〔''Sunan al-Tirmidhi'' 1513.〕 * Using the right hand for drinking and eating.〔''Sahih Muslim'' 2020.〕 * Saying "''As-Salaam Alaikum''" (peace be upon you) when meeting someone and answering with "''Wa 'alaikumus salam''" (and peace be upon you).〔''Sahih al-Bukhari'' 6234.〕 * Saying "''Alhamdulillah''" (all gratitude is for only God) when sneezing and responding with "''Yarhamukallah''" (God have mercy on you).〔''Sahih al-Bukhari'' 6224.〕 * Saying the "''Adhan''" (prayer call) in the right ear of a newborn and the Iqama in its left. * In the sphere of hygiene, it includes: * * Clipping the moustache * * Removing armpit hair regardless of gender * * Cutting nails * * Circumcising the male offspring〔''Sahih Muslim'' 257.〕〔''Sahih Muslim'' 258.〕 * * Cleaning the nostrils, the mouth, and the teeth〔''Sahih Muslim'' 252.〕 and * * Cleaning the body after urination and defecation〔''Sunan Abi Dawood'' 45.〕 * Abstention from sexual relations during the menstrual cycle and the puerperal discharge, and ceremonial bath after the menstrual cycle, and ''Janabah'' (seminal/ovular discharge or sexual intercourse). * Burial rituals include funeral prayer〔Ghamidi. ("Various Types of the Prayer" )〕 of bathed〔''Sahih al-Bukhari'' 1254.〕 and enshrouded body in coffin cloth〔''Sahih Muslim'' 943.〕 and burying it in a grave.〔Ghamidi (2001). ("Customs and Behavioral Laws" ).〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Adab (Islam)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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